S. 5526
Agricultural Act of 2026
Sponsor: John Boozman · 0 cosponsors
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Text of the bill
I Commodities
A Commodity Policy
B Dairy
C Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance
Section 1501(e) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(e)) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)—
(A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting or biennial after annual; and
(B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting or pest after insect; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
(6) Timing requirements. An eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower shall agree, as a condition on receipt of assistance under this subsection, to carry out any replacement and rehabilitation activities for which the assistance is provided not later than—
(A) 2 years after the application for the assistance is approved; or
(B) if the period described in subparagraph (A) is not adequate for tree survival, such period as is necessary to ensure tree survival.
(7) Alternatives used in replanting
(A) In general. An eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower that receives assistance under this subsection with respect to tree loss may use the assistance to replant using—
(i) an alternative variety from the variety used prior to the loss;
(ii) an alternative stand density from the stand density used prior to the loss; and
(iii) an alternative location from the location used prior to the loss.
(B) Payment limitations with respect to alternatives. Assistance provided for replanting under subparagraph (A) may not exceed—
(i) for a use described in subparagraph (A)(i), the amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would receive if the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower replanted using the variety lost;
(ii) for a use described in subparagraph (A)(ii), the amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would receive if the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower replanted using the stand density lost; and
(iii) for a use described in subparagraph (A)(iii), the amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would receive if the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower replanted in the location in which the loss occurred.
(8) Notice of application status. Not later than 120 days after receiving an application for assistance under this subsection, the Secretary shall—
(A) approve or deny such application; and
(B) notify the applicant of the approval or denial.
(9) Initial payments
(A) In general. An eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower may opt to receive an initial assistance payment with respect to losses described in paragraph (2) before incurring the costs described in paragraph (3) relating to such losses.
(B) Amount. An initial assistance payment under subparagraph (A) shall be in an amount that is equal to the fair market value of the estimated costs described in paragraph (3) that the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower is likely to incur with respect to losses described in paragraph (2), as determined by the Secretary.
(C) Subsequent payment
(i) In general. In the case of an eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower that opts to receive an initial payment under subparagraph (A) with respect to losses described in paragraph (2), the Secretary shall, as soon as practicable after providing such initial payment, provide a subsequent payment to the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower in an amount equal to—
(I) the payment amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would have received with respect to such losses under paragraph (3) or pursuant to paragraph (5); minus
(II) the initial payment amount provided to such eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower under subparagraph (B) with respect to such losses.
(ii) Overpayment. If an initial payment under subparagraph (B) with respect to losses described in paragraph (2) is greater than the amount an eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would have received under paragraph (3) or pursuant to paragraph (5) for such losses, such eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower shall repay the Secretary the excess amount.
(D) Sunset. The authority to make payments under this paragraph shall terminate on September 30, 2035.
D Administration
II Conservation
A Conservation Reserve Program
B Environmental Quality Incentives Program
C Conservation Stewardship Program
D Funding and administration
E Agricultural Conservation Easement Program
F Regional Conservation Partnership Program
G Forest Conservation Easement Program
H Other Conservation programs
III Trade
A Food for Peace Act
B Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
C Other agricultural trade laws
D Reports
IV Nutrition
A Supplemental nutrition assistance program
B Commodity distribution programs
C Miscellaneous
V Credit
A Farm Credit System
B Farm ownership and operating loans
C Administrative provisions
VI Rural Development
A Rural Electrification Act of 1936
I Rural broadband access
II Additional amendments
B Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act
C Miscellaneous
I Rural care economy
II Other miscellaneous provisions
VII Research, Extension, and Related Matters
A National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977
B Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990
C Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998
D Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
I Agricultural security
II Miscellaneous provisions
E Other Matters
VIII Forestry
A Forest data modernization
B Forest health and management
I Forest Service management
II State and private partnerships
III Timber innovation
C Forest conservation
D Land designations
E White oak resilience
F Other matters
IX Energy
X Horticulture
A Horticulture marketing and information
B Regulatory reform
XI Crop insurance
XII Miscellaneous
A Livestock
B National security
C Fertilizer
D United States grain standards reauthorization
E Year-Round E15 and RFS reform
F Other miscellaneous provisions