S. 2503
ROTOR Act
Sponsor: Ted Cruz
21 cosponsors
- Amy Klobuchar
- Edward J. Markey
- Maria Cantwell
- Mark R. Warner
- Tammy Duckworth
- Tim Kaine
- Raphael G. Warnock
- Richard Blumenthal
- Chris Van Hollen
- John R. Curtis
- Lisa Blunt Rochester
- Peter Welch
- Cynthia M. Lummis
- Eric Schmitt
- Jerry Moran
- Marsha Blackburn
- Roger Marshall
- Shelley Moore Capito
- Ted Budd
- Tim Sheehy
- Todd Young
Official summary
Written by the Congressional Research Service.
Rotorcraft Operations Transparency and Oversight Reform Act or the ROTOR Act
This bill addresses aviation safety by increasing requirements for aircraft tracking and communication using Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology and expanding oversight.
As background, ADS-B for broadcasting (Out) and receiving (In) transmits information (e.g., location and weather information) between aircraft and air traffic control.
Under the bill, aircraft must generally operate with ADS-B In equipment to provide the aircraft with location information of other aircraft and traffic advisories. Current law does not require this equipment.
Current Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations allow aircraft performing a sensitive government mission to be excepted from requirements for using ADS-B Out equipment. This bill limits which flights may be considered sensitive government missions (e.g., not training flights) and requires additional reporting and notifications for the exception.
The Government Accountability Office must review the use of the ADS-B Out exception and the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) of the Department of Transportation must annually audit FAA oversight of operations that use the exception.
Further, the bill repeals a 2025 law that exempts certain military helicopters from the ADS-B Out requirements for the Washington, DC, metropolitan area.
The bill also requires
- the OIG of the Army to audit the Army’s coordination with the FAA,
- the FAA to establish an office to coordinate airspace usage of military aircraft and review the safety of flight operations and routes around airports, and
- the FAA to enter into memoranda of understanding with military agencies for safety information sharing.
Text of the bill
Where this section came from
Not in the first version (Introduced in Senate, Jul 29, 2025).
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Dec 17, 2025 · Engrossed in Senate S.Amdt. 4070: In the nature of a substitute. Official page ›
(a) In general. For purposes of subsection (b) of section 1046 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232; 49 U.S.C. 40101 note), the Memorandum of Agreement Between the Department of Defense and the FAA entered into on May 10, 2024, is deemed to be notice jointly submitted to the appropriate congressional committees for purposes of such subsection and subsection (a) of such section shall cease to be effective as of such date.
(b) Update and effect of memorandum of agreement
(1) Update. The Secretary of Transportation and the Secretary of Defense shall update the memorandum of understanding described in subsection (a) consistent with regulations issued by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration pursuant to section 3(a)(2).
(2) Effect of memorandum of agreement. The memorandum of agreement described in subsection (a) shall remain in force subject to—
(A) any modifications made jointly by the Secretary of Transportation and the Secretary of Defense;
(B) termination by either such Secretary; or
(C) modification or termination by law.