H.R. 8163

Provider Reimbursement Stability Act of 2026

Official summary

Written by the Congressional Research Service.

Provider Reimbursement Stability Act of 2026

This bill allows for larger annual adjustments to the Medicare physician fee schedule. It also requires the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to make certain corrections to compensate for expenditures under the fee schedule that exceed a certain amount in a given year, and it limits how much certain adjustment factors may vary each year.

Current law prohibits annual adjustments to the Medicare physician fee schedule that would result in a more than $20 million difference between the adjusted amount and the non-adjusted amount of total expenditures. The bill increases this threshold to $54.3 million beginning in 2027, with adjustments for inflation every five years beginning in 2032.

Additionally, for certain services, the bill requires the CMS to determine the difference between expenditures based on estimated utilization of the service and expenditures based on actual utilization. If this difference exceeds a certain percentage of total expenditures under the fee schedule, the CMS must reconcile this difference by adjusting payments for the following year. This requirement applies to services for which payment was bundled with another service and there was a separate or add-on payment during the previous year.

Finally, the CMS must update the prices and rates of each category of direct costs that affect payments (e.g., prices of equipment) at least every five years, with updates made to each category in the same year. The bill also prohibits the CMS from varying a certain adjustment factor by more than 2.5% each year.

Text of the bill

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Sec. 2. Updating the budget neutrality threshold

Section 1848(c)(2)(B)(ii)(II) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w–4(c)(2)(B)(ii)(II)) is amended—

(1) by striking Subject to and inserting the following:

Text this section adds to the law

(aa) In general. Subject to

(2) in item (aa), as inserted by paragraph (1), by striking $20,000,000 and inserting the amount specified in item (bb) for such year; and

(3) by adding at the end the following new items:

Text this section adds to the law

(bb) Amount specified. For purposes of item (aa), subject to item (cc), the amount specified in this item is—

(AA) for years before 2027, $20,000,000;

(BB) for 2027, $54,300,000; and

(CC) for 2028 and each subsequent year, the amount specified in this item for the preceding year.

(cc) Indexing limitation on annual adjustments. For 2032 and every subsequent fifth year, the Secretary shall increase the amount specified in item (bb) for such year by the cumulative percentage increase in the MEI (as defined in section 1842(i)(3)) applicable to physicians’ services for each year occurring during the 5-year period ending on the last day of the preceding year.