H.R. 3633

Digital Asset Market Clarity Act

Official summary

Written by the Congressional Research Service.

Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025 or the CLARITY Act of 2025

This bill establishes a regulatory framework for digital commodities, defined by the bill as digital assets that rely upon a blockchain for their value.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission must generally regulate digital commodities transactions, including digital commodity exchanges, brokers, and dealers. To qualify for trade on an exchange (1) a digital commodity’s blockchain must be mature, or on a blockchain system that has achieved decentralized control as defined by the bill; or (2) the issuer of the digital commodity must file certain reports. The bill establishes requirements for trade monitoring, recordkeeping, and the commingling of customer assets.  

The bill exempts digital commodities on mature blockchains (and digital commodities on blockchains expected to mature within certain timeframes) from Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registration requirements if annual sales fall under a certain amount and other requirements are met. The bill provides the SEC with jurisdiction over digital commodity activities and transactions engaged in by certain brokers and dealers on alternative trading systems and by national securities exchanges. 

Digital commodity exchanges, brokers, and dealers are subject to the Bank Secrecy Act for anti-money laundering and related purposes.

The bill also sets forth requirements for alternative trading systems, previously issued digital commodities, and provisional registration until the bill is implemented.  

For more information on this bill, see CRS Insight IN12583, Crypto Legislation: An Overview of H.R. 3633, the CLARITY Act.

Text of the bill

Expand all

I Definitions; Rulemaking; Expedited Registration

II Offers and Sales of Digital Commodities

III Registration for Intermediaries at the Securities and Exchange Commission

IV Registration for Digital Commodity Intermediaries at the Commodity Futures Trading Commission

V Innovation and Technology Improvements

VI Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act

I Responsible securities innovation

Sec. 108. Modernization of securities regulations for digital asset activities Added Jun 1

Where this section came from

Not in the first version (Introduced in House, May 29).

  1. Jun 1, 2026 · Reported to Senate Marked up by Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, May 14 Reported by Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Jun 1 Committee members' individual votes aren't in our records.
What is a markup?

A markup is a committee meeting where members go through a bill and vote on changes before sending it to the full chamber.

(a) Tailoring of existing requirements. The Commission shall—

(1) amend, rescind, replace, or supplement by rule, order, guidance, exemptive relief, or any other appropriate action (provided such action is consistent with chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code, and other applicable law) each regulation, form, interpretive statement, or other requirement within the jurisdiction of the Commission that is not otherwise amended by this Act (or required to be amended because of a provision of this Act or an amendment made by this Act), to the extent that such provision applies to any digital asset activity, including any activity involving a security that is issued, recorded, or transferred using distributed ledger technology, to the extent that the provision is outdated, unnecessary, or unduly burdensome in light of the unique technological characteristics of digital assets or substantially similar technology, which may include regulatory provisions governing—

(A) customer protection, including custody of digital assets or substantially similar technology;

(B) transfer agent rules;

(C) books and records, or recordkeeping requirements;

(D) clearance and settlement rules;

(E) broker-dealer, alternative trading system, and exchange rules;

(F) issuer disclosure and ongoing reporting requirements tailored to digital asset securities or substantially similar technology involving securities; and

(G) the use of vaults, digital asset receipts, or receipts involving substantially similar technology, vault tokens, or liquidity provider tokens; and

(2) in imposing future obligations as those obligations relate to digital assets or substantially similar technology, do so in a manner consistent with the requirements described in paragraph (1).

(b) Rule of construction. Nothing in this section may be construed to limit the authority of the Commission to pursue fraud, manipulation, or deceptive practices involving digital assets or substantially similar technology.

(c) Use of existing authority. When considering, proposing, adopting, or engaging in any rule or program or developing new rules or programs, including those mandated or authorized under this Act, or any amendment made by this Act, the activities of the Commission (which may include the solicitation of data and other input from investors, regulated entities, and market participants or the representatives of any of those persons) shall be considered actions taken under subsection (e) of section 19 of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77s) and shall be subject to subsection (f) of that section.

(d) Continued applicability of State consumer protection laws. Except as expressly provided by this Act, or an amendment made by this Act, nothing in this Act (or in any such amendment) shall preempt any State consumer protection law, including common law, or a remedy available under any such law.

(e) Preemption for exemptions and digital asset activities under the securities act. Section 18 of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77r) is amended—

(1) in subsection (b)—

(A) in paragraph (3)—

(i) in the paragraph heading, by inserting in qualified transactions or after sales;

(ii) in the first sentence, by inserting in a qualified transaction or after the security; and

(iii) in the second sentence—

(I) by striking term qualified purchaser and inserting terms qualified transaction and qualified purchaser;

(II) by inserting and categories of transactions, including secondary transactions, after securities; and

(III) by inserting and with due regard to the facilitation of capital formation and the promotion of innovation before the period at the end; and

(B) in paragraph (4)—

(i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting or, if the issuer is not required to file such reports, where the Commission otherwise determines, consistent with the public interest and the protection of investors and with due regard to the facilitation of capital formation and the promotion of innovation before the semicolon at the end;

(ii) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by inserting in a qualified transaction or after offered or sold;

(iii) in subparagraph (F), by striking or at the end;

(iv) in subparagraph (G), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; or; and

(v) by adding at the end the following:

Text this section adds to the law

(H) Commission rules or regulations issued under section 28, except that this subparagraph does not apply to rules or regulations adopted before the date of enactment of this subparagraph.

(f) Exempting network tokens from State securities laws

(1) In general. Section 18(b) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77r(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

Text this section adds to the law

(5) Exemption in connection with network tokens. A network token, as defined in section 4B(a), shall be treated as a covered security.

(2) Rule of construction. Nothing in this section, section 4B of the Securities Act of 1933 (as added by this Act), or the amendments made by this section may be construed to limit the authority (as of the day before the date of enactment of this Act) described in section 18(c)(1) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77r(c)(1)) of a securities commission (or any agency or office performing like functions) of any State with respect to a covered security or any security.

(g) Preemption for ancillary asset activities under the Securities Act of 1933. Section 18(b) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77r(b)), as amended by subsection (f) is amended by adding at the end the following:

Text this section adds to the law

(6) Limitations on state law regarding ancillary assets

(A) Definitions. In this paragraph, the term ancillary asset has the meaning given the term in section 4B(a).

(B) Exemption in connection with ancillary assets. An ancillary asset offered, sold, or distributed in reliance on Regulation Crypto, as adopted under section 103 of the Lummis-Gillibrand Responsible Financial Innovation Act of 2026, shall be treated as a covered security.

(h) Preservation of Regulation Best Interest

(1) In general. Subject to paragraph (2), nothing in this Act, any amendment made by this Act, or any rule issued under this Act or pursuant to any such amendment may be construed to limit, preempt, or otherwise affect the obligations of a broker or dealer registered with the Commission under section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78o) or section 240.15l–1 of title 17, Code of Federal Regulations (commonly known as Regulation Best Interest), or any successor regulation.

(2) Application. Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to any person registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

(i) Preservation of investment adviser fiduciary duties. Nothing in this Act, any amendment made by this Act, or any rule issued under this Act or pursuant to any such amendment may be construed to limit, preempt, or otherwise affect the fiduciary duty that an investment adviser (as defined in section 202 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80b–2)) owes to a client under section 206 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80b–6) or any other provision of Federal or State law, including in connection with investment advice regarding a digital commodity.

II Protecting against illicit finance

III Responsible innovation in decentralized finance

IV Responsible banking innovation

V Responsible regulatory innovation

VI Protecting software developers and software innovation

VII Protecting customer property

VIII Customer protection

IX Other matters