H.R. 3633

Digital Asset Market Clarity Act

Official summary

Written by the Congressional Research Service.

Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025 or the CLARITY Act of 2025

This bill establishes a regulatory framework for digital commodities, defined by the bill as digital assets that rely upon a blockchain for their value.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission must generally regulate digital commodities transactions, including digital commodity exchanges, brokers, and dealers. To qualify for trade on an exchange (1) a digital commodity’s blockchain must be mature, or on a blockchain system that has achieved decentralized control as defined by the bill; or (2) the issuer of the digital commodity must file certain reports. The bill establishes requirements for trade monitoring, recordkeeping, and the commingling of customer assets.  

The bill exempts digital commodities on mature blockchains (and digital commodities on blockchains expected to mature within certain timeframes) from Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registration requirements if annual sales fall under a certain amount and other requirements are met. The bill provides the SEC with jurisdiction over digital commodity activities and transactions engaged in by certain brokers and dealers on alternative trading systems and by national securities exchanges. 

Digital commodity exchanges, brokers, and dealers are subject to the Bank Secrecy Act for anti-money laundering and related purposes.

The bill also sets forth requirements for alternative trading systems, previously issued digital commodities, and provisional registration until the bill is implemented.  

For more information on this bill, see CRS Insight IN12583, Crypto Legislation: An Overview of H.R. 3633, the CLARITY Act.

Text of the bill

Expand all

I Definitions; Rulemaking; Expedited Registration

II Offers and Sales of Digital Commodities

III Registration for Intermediaries at the Securities and Exchange Commission

IV Registration for Digital Commodity Intermediaries at the Commodity Futures Trading Commission

Sec. 410. Resources for implementation and enforcement Changed · Jul 17

Where this section came from

  1. May 29, 2025 · Introduced in House Referred to House Committee on Financial Services, May 29 Referred to House Committee on Agriculture, May 29
  2. Jul 17, 2025 · Engrossed in House H.Amdt. 48: Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 580, in lieu of the amendments in the nature of a substitute recommended by the Committees on Agriculture and Financial Services now printed in the bill, an amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 119-6, modified by the amendment printed in part B of House Report 119-199 is considered adopted. Official page › H.Res. 580: On Ordering the Previous Question — Passed, 211–210 · Roll Call 194 H.Res. 580: On Agreeing to the Resolution — Failed, 196–223 · Roll Call 195 H.Res. 580: On Motion to Reconsider — Passed, 215–211 · Roll Call 197 H.Res. 580: On Agreeing to the Resolution — Passed, 217–212 · Roll Call 198 On Passage — Passed, 294–134 · Roll Call 199
What changed in the text

(a) Collection of fees.

(1) In general. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (in this section referred to as the Commission) shall charge and collect a filing fee from each person who in files provisional status registered with the Commission a pursuant statement to of section provisional 106, registration on— as (A) a the digital filing commodity of exchange, the digital initial commodity application broker, for or registration; digital and commodity (B) dealer an pursuant annual to basis section thereafter 106 for maintaining provisional status .

… 16 unchanged passages …

(f) Authorization of appropriations. In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated to the Commission, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Commission amounts collected under this section to cover the costs the costs of carrying out the functions of the Commission under this Act.

… 9 unchanged passages …

What does "considered adopted" mean?

When a chamber approves a rule that says a change is "considered adopted", the change becomes part of the bill as soon as the rule passes, without a separate vote on the change itself.

(a) Collection of fees

(1) In general. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (in this section referred to as the Commission) shall charge and collect a fee from each person in provisional status registered with the Commission pursuant to section 106, on—

(A) the filing of the initial application for registration; and

(B) an annual basis thereafter for maintaining provisional status.

(2) Amount. The fees authorized under paragraph (1) may be collected and available for obligation only in the amounts provided in advance in an appropriation Act.

(3) Authority to adjust fees. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this subsection, to promote fair competition or innovation, the Commission, in its sole discretion, may reduce or eliminate any fee otherwise required to be paid by a small or medium filer under this subsection.

(b) Fee schedule

(1) In general. The Commission shall publish in the Federal Register a schedule of the fees to be charged and collected under this section.

(2) Content. The fee schedule for a fiscal year shall include a written analysis of the estimate of the Commission of the total costs of carrying out the functions of the Commission under this Act during the fiscal year.

(3) Submission to congress. Before publishing the fee schedule for a fiscal year, the Commission shall submit a copy of the fee schedule to the Committees on Agriculture and on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and on Appropriations of the Senate.

(4) Timing

(A) 1st fiscal year. The Commission shall publish the fee schedule for the fiscal year in which this Act is enacted, within 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

(B) Subsequent fiscal years. The Commission shall publish the fee schedule for each subsequent fiscal year, not less than 90 days before the due date prescribed by the Commission for payment of the annual fee for the fiscal year.

(c) Late payment penalty

(1) In general. The Commission may impose a penalty against a person that fails to pay an annual fee charged under this section, within 30 days after the due date prescribed by the Commission for payment of the fee.

(2) Amount. The amount of the penalty shall be—

(A) 5 percent of the amount of the fee due, multiplied by

(B) the whole number of consecutive 30-day periods that have elapsed since the due date.

(d) Reimbursement of excess fees. To the extent that the total amount of fees collected under this section during a fiscal year that begins after the date of the enactment of this Act exceeds the amount provided under subsection (a)(2) with respect to the fiscal year, the Commission shall reimburse the excess amount to the persons who have timely paid their annual fees, on a pro-rata basis that excludes penalties, and shall do so within 60 days after the end of the fiscal year.

(e) Deposit of fees into the Treasury. All amounts collected under this section shall be credited to the currently applicable appropriation, account, or fund of the Commission as discretionary offsetting collections, and shall be available for the purposes authorized in subsection (f) only to the extent and in the amounts provided in advance in appropriations Acts.

(f) Authorization of appropriations. In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated to the Commission, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Commission amounts collected under this section to cover the costs of carrying out the functions of the Commission under this Act.

(g) Expedited hiring authority

(1) Appointment authority. The Chairman, pursuant to section 6(a), may appoint individuals to a position described in paragraph (2) of this subsection—

(A) in accordance with the statutes, rules, and regulations governing appointments to positions in the excepted service (as defined in section 2103 of title 5, United States Code); and

(B) without regard to any statute, rule, or regulation governing appointments to positions in the competitive service (as defined in section 2102 of such title).

(2) Position described. A position referred to in subparagraph (1) is a position at the Commission that—

(A) is in the competitive service (as defined in section 2102 of such title); and

(B) requires specialized knowledge of digital commodities markets, financial and capital market formation or regulation, financial market structures or surveillance, data collection or analysis, or information technology, cybersecurity, or system safeguards.

(3) Rule of construction. The appointment of a candidate to a position under this subsection shall not be considered to cause the position to be converted from the competitive service to the excepted service.

(h) Sunset. The authorities provided by this section shall expire at the end of the 4th fiscal year that begins after the date of the enactment of this Act.

V Innovation and Technology Improvements

VI Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act

I Responsible securities innovation

II Protecting against illicit finance

III Responsible innovation in decentralized finance

IV Responsible banking innovation

V Responsible regulatory innovation

VI Protecting software developers and software innovation

VII Protecting customer property

VIII Customer protection

IX Other matters