Critical Materials Future Act of 2025

In this Act:

(1) Country of risk. The term country of risk has the meaning given the term in section 10114(a) of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18912(a)).

(2) Critical material. The term critical material has the meaning given the term in section 7002(a) of the Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606(a)).

(3) Domestic. The term domestic means facilities operating within the United States or within any territory or possession of the United States.

(4) Eligible project. The term eligible project means a project that refines and processes or recycles raw critical materials into purified forms suitable for first-use applications.

(5) Entity of concern

(A) In general. The term entity of concern has the meaning given the term in section 10114(a) of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18912(a)); and

(B) Inclusion. The term entity of concern includes an entity that the Secretary has determined, using a risk-based approach, is subject to the control or influence of a foreign nation whose strategic interests concerning critical materials does not align with the strategic interests of the United States.

(6) Innovative financial tools. The term innovative financial tools means financial instruments to support demand-side economic mechanisms, including—

(A) pricing support mechanisms, such as contracts for difference and price floors, advanced market commitments, and forward contracts; and

(B) other transactions that the Secretary may enter into under section 646 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7256).

(7) Pilot program. The term Pilot Program means the Domestic Critical Material Processing Pilot Program established under section 4(a).

(8) Reliable sources

(A) In general. The term reliable source has the meaning given the term in section 12 of the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (50 U.S.C. 98h–3).

(B) Inclusions. The term reliable source includes facilities owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction of any country—

(i) with which the United States has a free trade agreement in effect; and

(ii) designated a major non-NATO ally under section 517 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321k).

(9) Secretary. The term Secretary means the Secretary of Energy.